
How Do California Courts Handle Custody for Very Young Children?
(Riverside and San Bernardino County Custody Cases)
Custody cases involving infants and very young children are often some of the most emotional and difficult disputes in family court. Parents frequently assume that the law favors one parent over the other when children are very young. Years ago, that was often true.
Historically, courts relied on what was commonly referred to as the “tender years doctrine,” which generally favored mothers when children were infants or very young. That is no longer the law in California, and it is no longer consistent with modern thinking regarding child development and parenting.
Today, courts in Riverside and San Bernardino County begin from the principle that, absent issues of detriment, children benefit from having meaningful relationships with both parents.
The Tender Years Doctrine Is No Longer the Law
California no longer recognizes a presumption that young children should primarily remain with their mothers simply because of the child’s age.
Instead, custody decisions are governed by the best interest of the child under Family Code section 3011 and the policy favoring frequent and continuing contact with both parents under Family Code section 3020.
That does not mean parenting time will necessarily be equal with infants or toddlers. It does mean the court is generally looking for ways to allow both parents to remain actively involved in the child’s life from an early stage.
Frequent Contact Is Often More Important Than Long Blocks of Time
With very young children, courts often focus less on long visitation periods and more on frequency and consistency of contact.
For infants and toddlers, it is common to see schedules involving:
- shorter but more frequent parenting periods
- contact every other day or every few days
- gradual transitions toward longer periods of parenting time
The reasoning is developmental. Young children benefit from:
- regular contact
- routine
- consistency
- and familiarity with both parents
The court is attempting to build and maintain secure relationships with each parent during an important stage of development.
Bonding and Attachment Matter
In cases involving very young children, judges frequently look at:
- bonding
- attachment
- continuity of care
- and each parent’s involvement in day-to-day parenting
This includes practical issues such as:
- feeding
- bathing
- bedtime routines
- medical appointments
- naps and daily schedules
The court is not simply evaluating who has historically done more parenting. It is also considering whether both parents are capable of developing and maintaining strong parental bonds moving forward.
Modern Courts Expect Both Parents to Participate
Modern custody courts increasingly expect both parents to share in the realities of raising young children.
That includes:
- sleepless nights
- feeding schedules
- diaper changes
- early morning routines
- and the day-to-day responsibilities of parenting
The idea that one parent is automatically more suited to parenting an infant is generally inconsistent with how courts now approach these cases.
Co-Parenting Becomes Critically Important
Because younger-child schedules often require frequent exchanges and communication, these cases typically require a significant amount of co-parenting.
Courts in Riverside and San Bernardino County often look closely at:
- the parents’ ability to communicate
- flexibility regarding schedules
- willingness to support the other parent’s relationship
- and the ability to minimize conflict around the child
Where co-parenting difficulties exist, the court may order:
- parenting classes
- co-parenting counseling
- or other educational resources designed to improve communication and reduce conflict
In many cases, it is beneficial for parents to complete parenting or co-parenting classes before attending CCRC.
CCRC and Young Children
In Riverside and San Bernardino County, custody disputes involving young children are generally referred to Child Custody Recommending Counseling (CCRC) before the court hearing.
The counselor will evaluate:
- the proposed parenting schedule
- developmental considerations
- feeding and sleep routines
- the parents’ communication and co-parenting abilities
- and the child’s need for consistency and stability
Because the counselor makes a recommendation to the court, preparation for CCRC can significantly affect the outcome.
There Is No Perfect Formula
One of the realities of custody cases involving infants and toddlers is that there is no single schedule that works in every situation.
The court is attempting to balance:
- developmental needs
- bonding with both parents
- stability and routine
- and the practical realities of the parents’ circumstances
That analysis is highly fact-specific.
Babies Do Not Come With an Instruction Manual
Many parents enter custody disputes believing there is a “correct” legal answer for young children. In reality, these cases are often about helping parents develop workable parenting structures during a demanding stage of life.
Babies do not come with an instruction manual, and courts recognize that parenting young children requires flexibility, patience, and cooperation.
The cases that tend to be most successful are those where parents remain focused on:
- consistency
- stability
- and the child’s long-term relationship with both parents.
Contact the Law Offices of Edgar & Dow
Custody disputes involving infants and very young children require careful attention to developmental issues, parenting schedules, and co-parenting dynamics.
If you are dealing with:
- custody of a newborn or toddler
- disputes regarding overnights or parenting schedules
- or concerns about bonding and attachment
it is important to approach the case strategically and with a realistic understanding of how courts evaluate these issues.
The Law Offices of Edgar & Dow bring years—and decades—of experience handling custody matters in Riverside and San Bernardino County.
Contact our office to schedule a consultation and discuss your situation.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Do California courts favor mothers with infants?
No. California no longer follows the “tender years doctrine,” which historically favored mothers of young children. Courts now focus on the child’s best interest and maintaining meaningful relationships with both parents.
How do courts handle custody for babies and toddlers?
Courts often use schedules involving shorter but more frequent parenting periods to help younger children maintain consistent contact with both parents.
Can fathers get significant parenting time with infants?
Yes. Courts generally expect both parents to participate in parenting young children absent issues of detriment or safety concerns.
Do courts consider bonding and attachment with young children?
Yes. Judges often evaluate bonding, attachment, continuity of care, and each parent’s involvement in the child’s day-to-day routine.
What is CCRC and why does it matter?
CCRC is Child Custody Recommending Counseling. In Riverside and San Bernardino County, the counselor makes a recommendation to the judge regarding custody and visitation before the hearing.
Should parents take parenting or co-parenting classes before CCRC?
In many cases, yes. Parenting and co-parenting classes can help parents communicate more effectively and demonstrate a willingness to focus on the child’s best interest.